J.C. Penney is an iconic American department store chain that has been a staple of retail for over a century. Founded in 1902 by James Cash Penney, the brand's original mission was based on the "Golden Rule" of treating others as you would like to be treated. Throughout the 20th century, J.C. Penney grew into a nationwide presence, known for its broad selection of apparel, home goods, and accessories at accessible prices. The company pioneered the use of private label brands, which remain a significant part of its business today.